As of now, sharding framework cannot be used with HQL. It can only be used with SQL.

到目前为止，分片框架不能用于 HQL，它只能用于 SQL。

Slice has extended OpenJPA implementation to support data partitions or sharding in a seamless manner.

Slice 扩展了 OpenJPA 实现，使其能够无缝地支持数据分区。

There's a lot of things I can say about using caching, sharding, and other techniques to take load off the database.

当然你可以说出许多技巧来降低数据库的负载，比如利用缓存，数据分片等等。

Unlike other sharding solutions, Slice does not require adding any extra column to the existing schema to enable partitioning.

与其他的分区解决方案不同，Slice 并不需要向现有模式中添加任何额外的列以支持分区。

So while sharding is a form of horizontal scaling, it fails point #2: it is not transparent to the business logic of the application.

因此，分片尽管是一种水平扩展方式，但是它违背了第二点，即对上层应用程序的业务逻辑没有做到透明。