The paper points out, at that time the pawn broking mostly distributed at the north and the south west of the central city and the city gate of Chang.

研究显示：清末民初苏州的典当业主要集中于北部和西南部中心城区以及阊门一带。

The N-shaped curve is the result of Hui merchants capital influx from farmland into salt industry and pawn broking during Jiajing era, and the reverse flow during Wanli era.

这是徽商资本在嘉靖“严肃海禁”后大量从土地流向盐业、典业，又在万历商业环境恶化后持续回流土地的结果。