每个染色体小组均由三条同源染色体组成.

Each homologous chromosome group has three homologous chromosomes.

在减数分裂的过程中同源染色体不分离而造成的一条或多条染色体的缺失或增加。

Aneuploidy The condition, resulting from nondisjunction of homologous chromosomes at meiosis, in which one or more chromosomes are missing from or added to the normal somatic chromosome number.

基因位点，基因座：基因在染色体上的位置。等位基因位于同源染色体相对应的位点上。

Locus (pl. loci) The position of a gene on a chromosome. Alleles of the same gene occupy the equivalent locus on homologous chromosomes.

在减数分裂过程中同源染色体的分离.

The separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

同源染色体在相同的部位具有染色粒.

Homologous chromosomes have chromomeres in identical places along their length.

等位基因位于同源染色体相对应的位点上.

Alleles of the same gene occupy the equivalent locus on homologous chromosomes.

在减数分裂中配对时的任意一对同源染色体.

Bivalent Describing any pair of homologous chromosomes when they pair up during MEIOSIS.

如果一对同源染色体都缺失了, 称为缺体.

If both of a pair of homologous chromosomes are missing, nullisomy results.

这意味着减数分裂中同源染色体不能配对，染色体间形成的交叉也会更少（例如，在减数分裂早期的重组位点）。

This means that homologous chromosomes failed to pair together during meiosis and chromosomes formed fewer crossovers, i. e. sites where they recombine, during the initial stages of meiosis.

同时，也便于研究同源染色体的渗入机制和配对状态。

Meanwhile, MAALs can be used to study the introgression mechanism and the pairing status of homologous chromosomes.