Transition Three: Monopolist to Savvy Defendant

转变之三：从垄断者到精明的被告

Draw the demand, marginal-revenue, and marginal-cost curves for a monopolist.

画出垄断者的需求曲线、边际收益曲线和边际成本曲线。

So, call Gu Ge natural monopolist please.

所以, 请把谷歌叫做自然垄断者.

Draw the demand, marginal - revenue, and marginal - cost curves for a monopolist.

画出垄断者的需求曲线 、 边际收益曲线和边际成本曲线.

Oligopolists maximize their total profits by forming a cartel and acting like a monopolist.

寡头通过组成卡特尔,象一个垄断者那样行事,以最大化他们的总利润.

Most recently, the state-owned monopolist has come under fire for gaming the system and causing the electricity blackouts that have crimped industrial production across the country.

最近，这个国有垄断者正因为调试电力系统并且导致了影响全国范围内的工业生产的大停电而焦头烂额。

Thus the dominant firm may be a monopolist facing potential entrants.

像垄断厂商一样 ，支配性厂商面临着向下倾斜的需求曲线。

Thus, a monopolist marks up marginal cost by the factor , at least when e>1.

这种情况并不一定发生，但是这是根据以上假设得出的标准答案。如果我们面临的是线性的需求曲线和上升的边际成本时，它是对的。

A monopolist does not gain by bundling its valuable good with an undesirable one.

如果垄断企业,将有价值的产品与不太受欢迎的产品绑在一起,它并不会有所获益.

They argue that a monopolist could deter potential competitors by bundling disparate products.

他们认为,垄断厂商,通过捆绑完全不同的产品,可以吓退潜在的竞争者.