They can limit the scope of activities of the jobholder, reducing organizational flexibility.

可能会限制雇员的工作范围，降低组织的灵活性。

Role behaviors are the behaviors required of an individual in his or her role as a jobholder in a social work environment.

角色行为是指在一个特定的社会工作环境中，某一任职者在扮演其角色是所应当表现出来的行为。

If someone is classified as non-essential for snow-day purposes, the country can probably survive if that position is not filled when the jobholder quits or retires.

如果某人因为下雪原因被归为非必要人员，那当这个任职者辞职或退休后，如果那个职位没人补充的话，那这个国家也很有可能生存下来。